HOA fees are common throughout the country, but in some areas they’ve grown akin to a second mortgage payment.

In an examination Trulia released of homeowner association (HOA) fees for the nation’s priciest 10 percent of homes, the real estate website found that in some cities, luxury homeowners are shelling out thousands a year on monthly fees – some so prodigious they rival local rental rates.

New York topped Trulia’s list of most expensive HOA fees by metro, with high-end homeowners paying a median monthly fee of $1,566, which isn’t terribly surprising considering local home prices there. In a close second, Miami, which has struggled with affordability issues similar to the Big Apple, posted median fees of just over $1,400 – doubling the national median.

“New York, Miami and Long Island have a larger proportion of luxury properties than other cities,” said Trulia housing economist Ralph McLaughlin in a statement to The Wall Street Journal. “Luxury properties tend to have a lot more services associated with higher HOA fees than nonluxury apartments.”

In the graph below, it becomes apparent that when compared to other top metros, such as Boston ($920) and Houston ($900), Miami stands out as a particularly expensive city. And because HOAs are most commonly required in condominiums and co-ops, their relevance is paramount in Miami, where luxury condo inventory is continually growing – up 139.5 percent in 2015’s first quarter –  and affordability is waning – median luxury condo sales price was up 76.1 percent in the first quarter to $1.25 million.

With current home prices, Miami residents spend an average of 20.2 percent of their income on mortgage payments. Other large metros like Houston (11.9 percent), where mortgage payments demand 12.3 percent of incomes, have remained relatively affordable despite a cocktail of low inventory and rapidly rising home prices.

Coupled with wages that have grown only 4.4 percent in the last two years, Miami’s affordability gap is only expected to grow.